Podcasting since 2005! Listen to our latest pocast here:

Podcasting since 2005! Listen to Latest SolderSmoke

Showing posts with label Dominican Republic. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Dominican Republic. Show all posts

Wednesday, October 29, 2025

Two Spanish Words Useful for Homebrewers: Cacharreo and Artilugio

Luis EA5BRE

Both these words came up during a very nice conversation that I had this morning with Luis EA5BRE on 20 meter SSB.  I told Luis that I had first heard "cacharreo" from Cuban hams who had apparently done a lot of it.  I recently heard "artilugio" being used in a podcast from Spain; they were using it to mean a "gizmo" or a "contraption."  All of us do a lot of "cacharreo" and we build a lot of "artilugios." And we have all done some weeping as a result of our artilugios (see below). 

Google AI says: 

The Spanish word cacharreo refers to the act of tinkering or fiddling with something, often in an attempt to fix, modify, or improve it. It is an informal, colloquial term derived from the verb cacharrear.  This activity is typically done in an amateur way, not by a professional. 

Common uses of cacharreo:

Hobbies and DIY: It is used to describe hands-on hobbies like tinkering with electronics, computers, cars, or audio equipment. For example, a video about "hifi systems" was described as a "Ruta del Cacharreo".

  • Minor repairs: It can refer to attempting to fix a broken household item. For instance, "Estuve cacharreando con la TV, pero sin éxito" translates to "I've been fiddling with the TV trying to fix it, but to no avail".
  • General fiddling: It can also be used in a more general sense to mean "messing with" or handling something without a clear purpose. For example, "¡Deja de cacharrear con el refrigerador!" means "Stop messing with the fridge!". 
The roots of cacharreo
The word is related to cacharro, which can refer to a variety of items, including: 

  • A piece of junk or old, useless object
  • A broken-down car
  • A cheap gadget
  • A cooking pot or dish 

---------------------

Artilugio is a Spanish noun referring to a device, gadget, or contraption. The word is often used informally or with a slightly pejorative or humorous connotation, suggesting that the object is unnecessarily complex, strange, or difficult to use. 
The term can also refer to a trick or ruse used to achieve a goal. 
Common translations include:
  • Gadget: A small tool or device with a specific function.
  • Contraption: A machine or device that looks strange or complicated.
  • Gizmo: An informal word for a gadget or device.
  • Gimmick: A trick or special feature used to attract attention.
  • Contrivance: A mechanical device, or a clever plan or scheme. 

Etymology
The word artilugio is thought to have an ironic origin, combining the Latin words ars ("skill" or "art") and lugere ("to mourn" or "weep"). The combination humorously implies a device that, despite being "artful," is so complex that it might make one "weep" out of frustration. 

Thursday, October 9, 2025

Why I can listen to both sides of VK-G Long Path QSOs in the Dominican Republic


Bottom line:  I think when Australians talk to Brits via long path,  in the Dominican Republic I am between the two. Both have their beam antennas aimed (generally) un my directions.  With an omnidirectional antenna (my 1/4 wave vertical) I can hear them both.  While they are on the Long Path to each other, I am Short Path to both of them. 

Here is my log entry (From the Dominican Republic)

August 20, 2025 

20S around 0830 UTC  VK5UK Rich and G2YT Peter.  Rich was in LP contact with Peter  My  VFO was moving as the air conditioner kicked in.  I think I was hearing both of them SP.  With VK5UK I was off the side of his beam.  Same with Peter G2YT.  

---------------------------- 

Peter G2YT wrote:  

Yes, Rich and I were working Long Path… I was beaming at the top end of South America (about 240 degrees) and Rich was beaming approx 120 degrees.

------------------------------

Rich, VK5UK wrote: 

Hi, thanks for the email... My beam heading was around 150 degrees from VK long path to Europe you would have been receiving me via the shortest path between us, and I suspect you were being received by Peter on the same path? 73 Rich

------------------------------

Here is a good website that describes (using Australia to Europe) the Long Path and Short Path propagation paths:  

https://www.pa9x.com/long-path-or-short-path-propagation/


Here is a link to Google's new AI (on this subject) 






So Where is My Dominican Antipode?


There you have it.  I like the icons!  

Here is the site: 

Friday, September 26, 2025

Maybe it is Tropospheric Ducting After All -- 99.5 FM WIDI Puerto Rico Received in the Dominican Republic

 

Invest 94L moved arcoss the Mona Passage yesterday, lowering temperatures, bringing lots of rain and relatively high winds to the area.   I happened to check on reception in the DR of WIDI 99.5 FM (near Mayaguez, Puerto Rico), and was surprised to find that the signal had weakened considerably.  This morning, after the storm passed, signal levels were back to their normal full quieting. This would support the idea that tropospheric ducting is playing a big role in bringing this signal into the Dominican Republic.  I had been surprised by the persistence of the signal -- for weeks it had been full quieting here.  I thought that perhaps I was just receiving it directly, line-of-sight, without the benefit of tropo ducting.  But Invest 94L has made me question this idea. 

I asked Google Gemini AI about the persistence of tropospheric ducting on FM broadcast signals in the tropics.  Here is what it said: 

AI Overview

In the tropics, tropospheric ducting is a frequent, persistent, and often strong phenomenon, especially over and around large bodies of water. Unlike mid-latitudes where ducting is a seasonal event, the meteorological conditions in the tropics are favorable year-round.
Why ducting is persistent in the tropicsHigh temperatures and humidity: Tropical climates are characterized by consistently high temperatures and abundant moisture. These conditions are the primary drivers of atmospheric ducting.

Temperature inversions: Stable high-pressure systems common in the tropics can create temperature inversions, where a layer of warm, moist air sits above cooler air. The sharp change in temperature and humidity with altitude creates the "duct" that traps and bends radio waves over long distances.

Dominance of water paths: Large tropical ocean regions are ideal for ducting. A common ducting phenomenon called the "evaporation duct" is ever-present over the sea surface due to a sharp humidity gradient and is particularly effective for trapping frequencies above 3 GHz. While the FM broadcast band (87.5–108 MHz) is at a lower frequency, coastal areas and islands frequently experience ducting over sea paths.

Atmospheric stability: The general stability of high-pressure systems in the tropics allows ducting conditions to persist for many months at a time. This is observed in areas like the Caribbean and the Persian Gulf, where long-distance radio reception is a common occurrence.

Impact on the FM broadcast band (VHF Band II)Favorable frequencies: The FM broadcast band (VHF Band II) is particularly susceptible to tropospheric ducting. While ducting can occur across a range of frequencies, signals above 90 MHz generally propagate more favorably during ducting events than lower frequencies.

Signal interference: The most noticeable effect of this regular ducting is co-channel interference, where distant stations can override local ones. During an event, a listener may pick up two different stations on the same frequency, or experience temporary loss of reception from a nearby transmitter.

Extended reception: For radio hobbyists, this high frequency of ducting means that signals from FM stations hundreds or even thousands of kilometers away can be received clearly.

Diurnal cycle: Ducting events in the tropics often peak during the evening and overnight hours when surface cooling creates a stable nocturnal boundary layer. Conditions may "burn off" after sunrise, but ducting is common throughout the day during periods of stable weather.

In summary, the specific meteorological and geographical conditions found in tropical regions—consistent heat, humidity, and the presence of large bodies of water—make persistent tropospheric ducting on the FM broadcast band not just possible, but highly probable throughout the year.


Tuesday, September 16, 2025

A Flight from Chile to Panama: Aeronautical Mobile Contact with KX4WC/AM, with VK3MO in the Group


WA3O sent me an e-mail alerting me to the fact that Mike KX4WC/Aeronautical Mobile would be flying up from Santiago, Chile to Panama City this morning. So I fired up the 20 meter rig and hoped for the best.

Not only was I able to talk to Mike, I was also able to work WA3O, VY2WW, and VK3MO in Melbourne. It was a very FB morning. VK3MO was really booming in. I have worked Ian before -- his 5 over 5 over 5 over 5 array on 20 meters really helps. https://www.qrz.com/db/VK3MO
I was not hearing Mike KX4WC very well until the sun came up over our north-south path. You can see this in the picture below. Thanks to all for this very cool contact.


Ian VK3MO's 20 meter array

Peter VK3TPM had done a very nice profile of Ian and his station: 

Sunday, September 14, 2025

Do I really NEED Tropo to hear the Puerto Rican FM Broadcast Station? Or are we just close enough to do this line-of-site?

 

WIDI 99.5 FM from western Puerto Rico continues to put a full quieting signal into the eastern Dominican Republic.   The station is so regularly strong that this made me wonder if I am really using tropospheric ducting to hear it.  If I was using tropo ducting, I think there should be some variation in signal strength over the course of 24 hours right?  But it is always strong.  Why?  

I checked the distance:  97 miles.   With its antenna at 2800 feet, its visual horizon will be 64.8 miles away.  I am about 98 feet above the ocean.  This means my horizon is 12.22 miles away.  There appears to be a gap, right?  I mean 64.8 + 12.22 = 77.02 miles.   So it looks like there is a gap of about 20 miles.  

But wait!  Mike WN2A reminded me that there is a difference between radio line of sight and visual line of sight.   Radio line of sight = 4/3 of visual line of sight. 

AI explains where the 4/3 factor comes from: 

The radio horizon appears longer than the visual horizon by a factor of about 4/3 due to atmospheric refraction, which bends radio waves slightly downward. To simplify calculations, this effect is modeled by treating radio waves as if they travel in a straight line over a larger, "effective" Earth with a radius 4/3 times the actual radius. This increased effective radius allows radio waves to "see" further over the Earth's curvature, extending the line-of-sight range compared to what is seen by the human eye, which is not affected by atmospheric bending to the same degree. 

So that puts WIDI's radio horizon at 86.4 miles.  My radio horizon is 16.16 miles.   86.4 + 16.16 =  102.56 miles No gap.  We should be able to hear WIDI, even without tropospheric ducting.   

Thursday, September 11, 2025

Puerto Rico -- Dominican Republic Tropo on 99.5 FM? Yes, probably


 



Our friend Todd K7TFC in Portland found this in the 1950 ARRL Handbook at an, uh, opportune moment.  TRGHS.  This seems to describe what a I am hearing, especially that "airmass boundary" in the lower left of the diagram above.  

I'm not a VHF guy, and I am a bit surprised at the persistence of this propagation path.  It is 4:30 am here and the adult contemporary rock from Puerto Rico (Kokomo by the Beach Boys!) is full quieting here in the Dominican Republic.  And it is of the same strength during daylight hours. I don't remember this from the winter months, but I may have just missed it. 

Here is what AI (Gemini) says about this: 


One other factor to consider:   The island of Mona is about halfway across the path.  There are few people there, and there is almost certainly not a repeater of any kind.  But there may be a metal tower or two... 

Gianfranco IU1DZZ and Mike WN2A  both support the tropo hypothesis.  Mike mentions the Hepburn Index.  I will have to read up on that.  Hamilton is also looking at this propagation path.  Thanks guys.  


Wednesday, September 10, 2025

Puerto Rico FM Broadcast Station Heard in the Dominican Republic -- But How? WIDI 99.5 FM

WIDI 99.5 FM. Booming in during daylight here on the eastern tip of the Dominican Republic. Their antenna is about 2100 feet above average surrounding terrain. That would put the horizon at about 56 miles. But the path is about 100 miles. What do you folks think is the likely propagation mode?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WIDI






Tuesday, August 26, 2025

One (of several) SolderSmoke Blog Backups: This one in .pdf form

The SolderSmoke Daily News blog now has more than 4,000 posts, and some 10,000 comments.  This is both good news and bad news.  The good news is that there is on this blog site a vast repository of useful information.  The bad news is that I sometimes fear that all this info might be lost if Google someday decides that its blog service should disappear.  It could happen, and that is kind of scary, so I have been looking for backups, for ways to safeguard this information. 

Several members of the SolderSmoke community have been helping me create WordPress sites that backup the blog. More info will be coming soon.  The Internet Archive and the WayBack machine have also been of great help. 

While here in the Dominican Republic, I have been working on a kind-of compilation of blog articles, with a bit of an intro.  I think readers of the blog and listeners of the podcast might find this entertaining. 

So here it is.  Please download it to your computer.  That will increase the survivability of the blog.  I will probably do a few updates to the .pdf file: 

http://soldersmoke.com/SolderSmoke Blog Book Compilation.pdf

Wednesday, August 20, 2025

A Second Aeronautical Mobile Contact with Mike KX4WC/Aeronautical Mobile


August 19, 2025 20 meter SSB in the afternoon. Mike KX4WC/Aeronautical Mobile was enroute to San Juan from Miami, flying through the edges of Hurricane Erin. Also in the QSO was John VY2WW and Mike WA3O. WA3O is a long-time listener to SolderSmoke. He has a water-cooled amplifier and he sent me his Heathkit HW-7 (which I still have).

Mike and I could hear each other through most of his flight.  We were both especially strong when he reached his closest point to my location.  At this point he was about 50 miles over my north-east horizon: 


Amazingly, this was NOT my first contact from the DR with KX4WC/AM.  In January 2020 (just beore the pandemic) I was in Samana, and, early one morning Mike flew over the Dominican Republic.  Here is an e-mail that I sent yesterday to all three guys who were in this very memorable QSO: 

I really liked today's QSO.  Mike called me from around 50 miles out.  We were both very strong. 

The first link describes in detail my 2020 QSO with Mike from Samana, DR.   The second describes my Samana station.  

https://soldersmoke.blogspot.com/2020/01/aeronautical-mobile-contact-from.html
and

Here is my current station:


And wow!  WA3O  Who could forget that water-cooled amplifier!?  And I still have his HW-7   Thanks Mike. 

Thursday, August 7, 2025

SolderSmoke Podcast 261: Travel, AI-Apocalypse, ARRL Award, Amplifiers (with Claude) , Transcoms, Smoke released in DR, QRP, CW, MAILBAG

SolderSmoke Podcast #261 is available for download: 



Alaska, Colorado, Dominican Republic

Opening:   Travel notes:    Pete to Denver.  Dean to Alaska.  Bill in the Dominican Republic. 

The future of the podcast.  We will embrace our NIMCEL status and fight on in spite of the AI Apocalypse.   Thanks to Peter VK3TPM, Hamilton KD0FNR, Sam AI7PR, Todd K7TFC  and the WayBackMachine for providing backup and transfer options for the blog. Google could end Blogspot at any time.    

Dean and Bill win the 2025 ARRL Technical Service Award.  Thanks to Bruce KC1FSZ for the nomination. And thanks to Bill Morine N2COP for letting us know.  91 receivers completed so far!  

SolderSmoke East was pleased to host Phil W1PJE, a distinguished MIT radio astronomer AND member of the SolderSmoke Direct Conversion Receiver Hall of Fame.   


Dean:   Amplifier design,  woes, triumphs, tribal knowledge.  And help from Claude. 

KK4DAS 100W MOSFET AMP

Pete:  Project X  -- The Transcom SBT-3Crossroads and Decisions

Transcom SBT-3

SHAMELESS COMMERCE DIVISION:   FIGHT THE AI-APOCALYPSE -- BECOME A PATREON SPONSOR.
GET BEZOS TO SEND US BEZOS BUCKS!  Use the Amazon link on the upper right.   
BUY PARTS AND STUFF FROM MOSTLY DIY RF. 


Bill: 
-- Smoke released in TWO RD06 finals.  Scrounged IRF-510s to the rescue.   
-- Working VK6 on 20 SSB.  
-- My old HW-101 -- inspired by Pete and by Will N5OLA.   
-- Eleven contacts on 40 with the DC RX and a Tuna Tin 2. Mike Bryce WB8VGE came back to my CQ! First ever QSO with SolderSmoke DC receivers on both sides:  K1OA-N2CQR.  
-- Do real hams use ALC? Do we really NEED ALC? 

Mailbag: 

Who is the Project 326 Guy?  A British engineer resident in China for last 20 years. 

Steve EI5DD  Ham Radio Ireland magazine.  Hey -- Why no Irish DC RX builders? 

Paul K9ARF -- Thanks for the very kind e-mail about SolderSmoke

Rogier PA1ZZ -- Many nice videos and suggestions on blog backup. 

Grayson KJ7UM on the EF-50 valve (thermatron!) 

Bruce KC1FSZ  Four DC RX builders at the Wellesley Mass radio club. 

Chris KD4PBJ -- Long trip to pick up two directional beacons possibly for 630m or 2200m bands! 

Alan W2AEW did a Minimum Discernible Signal test on the DC RX.  FB! 

Mike WN2A  -- Many great comments on MDS in its various forms. 

Philippe F6GUH is a FB homebrewer.  

Mike EIOCL -- Always great to talk on the air with an old friend. 

Walter KA4KXX -- I checked into the Sunrise net!  With my HW-101!  Thanks Walter. 

Farhan VU2ESE -- Watched our interview with Phil W1PJE

Phil W1PJE was an SWL with an old Halli receiver.  VOA?  Boo!  But Radio Marti is BACK! Also, the hydrogen line from the cosmic dark ages has red shifted to... 7.1 MEGA hertz!  So LISTEN UP! 
Phil W1PJE with a Halli and the Haystack Observatory Dome

Wednesday, August 6, 2025

Antenna Options and Views from the Terrace of SolderSmoke Shack South


Above is the view to the east.  North-east to Europe will be up to the left.  Straight out to the east gets me across the Atlantic to Central Africa.  


Here is the view looking south.   All of South America is down there, followed by Antarctica. Then up an around the pole to Sumatra and Borneo.  I can hear the Indonesians quite well on 15 SSB.   


Looking west.  Central America, then lots of Pacific Ocean all the way to Western Australia.  I have worked VK6JMS who is in the northern part of Western Australia, in "The Kimberly."



Here is the view to the north-west.  You can see how the top floor of our building blocks most of the signals from the U.S. and Canada when the antenna is at the terrace level (where it is now).    


I think I will stick with simple 1/4 wave verticals.  There is a lot of wind up here and we are not in the apartment about half the year.  I wouldn't want a Hex Beam to get blow over, especially when we are not here.  Simplicity is a virtue.   I think I can get the antenna above the top floor of our building by mounting it (base of the antenna near the top) on the support beam (for a sun shade) shown here.  This should greatly improve signals to and from North America. And I could easily take it down before we leave without having to climb up onto the roof. 

Thursday, April 3, 2025

My Hanmilt HK 22 Drone -- Video and a still picture


This is the beginners's drone that I was using in the Dominican Republic this past winter.  It was really great.  The hover capability was amazing -- this made it very easy to learn to fly.  If it looked like I was getting into trouble, I would just go up a bit, hover, and figure out what to do. Obviously I could not do this with a fixed wing R/C plane.  Photography was excellent. See picture below -- I took this shot from my drone this winter.  I have a video on the Patreon channel.  

I flew this thing dozens of times, and only had one crash.  It was very minor.  I am still using the original propellers. 


The brand names change on these things very quickly, and Hanmilt might not be available anymore. But there are a lot of drones like this.  I paid about $100.  

I think my next drone will be a DJI drone.  But this will have to wait until I return to the Dominican Republic in June (I am in the FAA's "No Drone Zone" around the national capital.) Here is a really interesting video on DJI: 

Wednesday, February 19, 2025

Falcon 9 Rocket Flies Over the Dominican Republic -- February 18, 2025

Just 30 minutes prior to this, my wife Elisa happened to see on Instagram a map showing the flight path of the Falcon 9. We didn't know that this was coming! I checked and got a live feed from Cape Canaveral of the launch. I figured we might see something if we looked to the north-west. Wow, did we. The Falcon 9 put on an amazing display. On January 25, 2025 we had seen a meteor-bolide fireball on a similar track. That was quite something, but this was really amazing. You can hear our excitement in the audio.

Thr bright object is Venus. The rocket appears to turn off its engines shortly after (from our point of view) it passes Venus.

Sunday, February 9, 2025

Light Beam Communication from the Dominican Republic?


Mike WN2A sent me the PIC board to generate the CW for my "Lil Slugger" Doug DeMaw transmitter.  Then I started wondering about having a light source flash with the CW.  Mike recommended some super-bright green LED's.  I had a big broken flashlight with me (the benefits of junk!) so I put all the parts together and hung the light in the window of my seventh floor shack.  Last night as Elisa and I walked the dog, I looked back from a quarter mile south.  The video above shows the scene. The cell phone camera understates the brightness.  


The video above shows the rig in action (but with the bulb on the shelf).   Note the PLJ freq readout, the SWR meter and, of course, the green bulb.  

I half joked with Elisa that I would love to get a reception report on the light beam.  This is not all that far-fetched.  We have an email address in the CW message, and the light beam is aimed to the south, across the open Caribbean.  

All of this reminded me of an article by Rod Newkirk of some light beam communication that he engaged in in Indonesia during World War II.  Great story: 

Monday, January 27, 2025

First 10 Meter AM Contact from Hi7/N2CQR


I threw this in the bag on the way to the DR, almost as an afterthought.  But I am glad I did.  Today, watching reports on my 10 meter CW beacon (Mike WN2A provided the keyer),  I noticed that my signal was unusually strong.  At W3POA I was 7 db above the noise.  At DF2CK I was 4 db above the noise.  So I switched to the 10 meter AM rig (which is a converted GE brand CB rig) and worked John G3YPZ (see video above).   I was running about 5 watts to a quarter wave vertical.  But the signal reached the UK. 

Sunday, January 26, 2025

Fireball (Meteor) Over the Dominican Republic

Click on the link below to see the video


I had been telling Mike WN2A how I had put a little red LED on my beacon (he gave me the keying hardware) and that I was hoping to put the LED in the window of my 7th floor shack.  I want it to serve as a kind of CW "lighthouse." We are, after all, close to the ocean.  I thought it would be cool.  Last night, soon after sunset, Elisa and I went out to walk the dog and to look a my little light.  

Well, as expected my little light was too small.  But HOLY COW,  it had us looking in exactly the right direction at exactly the right moment.  At 7:09 pm on January 25, 2025 a very bright, green, long-lasting fireball streaked across the sky from North to South (the guy in the clip above got the direction wrong).  It was throwing off fragments.  One kid in the neighborhood saw it.  And soon Instagram lit up (!) with reports and videos.  I filed a report with the International Meteor Organization: https://fireball.imo.net/members/imo_view/event/2025/516  It was all very cool.  The tiktok clip (above) has a collection of some of the best shots.  Just click on the link below the picture.  

I hadn't seen one of these since March 1995 (I was in the Dominican Republic then too!):  

7 MARCH 95 EVENING: POSTED ON CIS:

Also observed a pretty spectacular fireball in the North (near Polaris) at about 2330. So bright I thought it was a skyrocket. Very slow moving looking like pieces falling off it.


Wednesday, January 15, 2025

The 10 meter Beacon at HI7/N2CQR (and reception reports)

Above is the 10 Meter beacon at HI7/N2CQR.

The first one to hear the beacon was Dean KK4DAS in Northern Virginia, within hours of it going on the air. Here is Dean's recording of what he saw and heard:

Later, Mike WN2A heard it. Pete N6QW in California may have heard it too. A number of stations are reporting reception via the Reverse Beacon Network (RBN): It is being picked up almost daily (gray-line?) by Rico DF2CK who has an amazing station in Germany. K1RA in Warrenton Virginia (also an amazing receive set-up) is also picking up the station. W3OA in North Carolina is also hearing it and reporting by RBN. TI7W in Costa Rica has also heard it. Sadly, RBN is kind of clunky with beacons -- it seems to obstinately insist that I am in Northern Virginia.

Rico DF2CK writes:

Hi Bill,

thanks for info. 3 Watt can be loud on 10 if condx are good :)

The west direction skimmer setup on 10 m is a 6 el Yagi into a SDR with
AD9255 adc and XC7Z020 fpga.
A design by Pavel Demin which I am testing for a while now.

Enjoy the Caribean, here its minus 2 C and boot high snow.

73, Rico
DF2CK

Check out Rico's amazing station here: http://df2ck.de/

Andy K1RA wrote from Warrenton (Northern Virginia): 

Hi Bill
  Cool on spotting your beacon.  With good conditions I'm surprised you're not being heard elsewhere.

  I'm running a multi-band, multi-mode skimmer for CW, FT8, FT4, WSPR & JS8CALL continuously and simultaneously covering 160m-6m, 24x7 with Redpitaya SDRs and KiwiSDR/RaspSDRs


15 minute map view through PSKreporter here:


73 & good DX'ing!

andyz - K1RA